It's the Evolutionary Story for the Day!

Everybody knows the Labrador Retriever, America’s most popular dog. The same goes for the Poodle, the Dachshund and even the Greyhound. But have you ever asked about an Azawakh? Ogled an Ogar Polski? Or even bad-mouthed a Blackmouth Cur? This is just a sample of the approximately 750 breeds of dogs around the world.

The American Kennel Club (AKC) recognizes 150 of those breeds, but how many do you know? You might know what an English Foxhound is, despite the fact that it’s the least popular AKC breed, according to the organization’s statistics for 2006. But have you ever actually seen one outside of a hunt scene? And what about the next three least popular: the Harrier, the Glen of Imaal Terrier and the Otterhound?

In 2006, the AKC registered 123,760 Labs and only 23 Harriers (Harriers look kind of like big Beagles or little Foxhounds). Besides the Harrier, 13 other breeds registered fewer than 100 individuals in that year. If each of those breeds were a species, they’d be on the endangered list. They’re far less common than the designer dogs touted as being so unique these days.

Many of the rarer breeds are, in fact, endangered. Responsible breeders won’t breed unless they have proper homes waiting, and because so few people have even heard of these breeds, there’s no demand for them. As fewer dogs are bred, the gene pool shrinks, and the possibility of cementing in undesirable traits, such as hereditary health problems, increases. Some breeders resort to multiple-sire matings, so they can breed a female only once but to two unrelated sires, in an effort to perpetuate as many bloodlines as possible through as few puppies as they can. The parents and puppies are then DNA tested to match the proper sire to each pup.

But why are these dogs rare? In some cases, such as with Foxhounds, the statistics are misleading. Most Foxhounds are kept as members of hunting packs, not pets, and are registered with separate Foxhound registries. In other cases, such as with the Glenn of Imaal terrier, the breed is a new face in this country.

Sometimes such breeds will catch on and scale the popularity charts; sometimes, they won’t. Media exposure and the cuteness factor are big determinants of that. There are also breeds that are difficult to keep: The Komondor, which looks like a giant mass of white dreadlocks, presents definite grooming challenges.

But what about the Canaan Dog, a breed that is healthy, smart, biddable and easy to keep? Only 147 were registered in 2006. Its problem is probably that its looks, while handsome, are somewhat nondescript, not unlike a dog you could adopt from the shelter. Other breeds, such as the Pharaoh Hound, are beautiful, distinctive and healthy—but still in search of admirers.

If you’re looking for a dog that’s a little out of the ordinary, look further than the AKC’s top 20. With so many breeds out there, chances are that you can find one of the less common breeds that just might be a better fit to your lifestyle. At the same time, you may be helping to keep a breed from becoming extinct.

To view the AKC registration statistics: http://www.akc.org/reg/dogreg_stats.cfm
To visit the American Rare Breeds Association: http://www.arba.org/
To find out more about non-AKC rare breeds: http://rarebreed.com/

It's the Evolutionary Story for the Day!

The Welsh Corgi

The Pembroke Welsh Corgi is a hardy, highly intelligent, obedient, protective and devoted dog. Corgis are extremely active and devoted little dogs, and are usually good with considerate children. They make fine guards, and excellent show and obedience dogs. Wary of strangers, it should be properly socialized and trained when it is still young - to avoid over-protective behavior as an adult. Some Pembrokes are more outgoing, restless and excitable than the Cardigan Welsh Corgi. Several of these brave dogs have lost their lives defending their homes, as they were too small for the situation. They sometimes try to herd people by nipping at their heels, although they can be trained not to do this. The Pembroke tends to bark a lot and makes a good alarm dog. Males can be aggressive with other males, particularly if a bitch in heat is in the vicinity.

The Pembroke Welsh Corgi is a long, low dog with large erect ears, a broad flat skull and a fox-like head. The tail is almost non-existent. (The Cardigan variety has a long tail.) The Pembroke's eyes are dark, preferably with black rims, and the nose is black. The soft, water-resistant coat comes in red, sable, fawn or black & tan, usually with white markings. Some differences between the Pembroke and the Cardigan are: the Pembroke usually has straighter legs as it is not quite as long- bodied as a Cardigan; the Pembroke's head is generally more wedge-shaped; the ears are smaller and closer together than the Cardigans; also the Pembroke tends to be lighter than the Cardigan.

Height: Dogs 10-12 inches (25-30cm) Bitches 10-12 inches (25-30cm)Weight: Dogs 25-30 pounds (11-14kg) Bitches 24-28 pounds (11-13kg)

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The Saint Bernard

They are extremely gentle and friendly and very tolerant of children. The Saint Bernard is slow moving, patient, and obedient. Extremely loyal, this breed wants to please. Since this dog is so giant, be sure to socialize it very well at a young age with other people. It is highly intelligent and easy to train, however training should begin early, while the dog is still a manageable size. Bear in mind that an unruly dog of this size presents a problem for even a strong adult if it is to be exercised in public areas on a leash, so take control from the onset. The Saint Bernard is a good watchdog. Even its size is a good deterrent. They drool after they drink or eat.

The Saint Bernard is a very large, strong, muscular dog, with a powerful head. As long as the weight stays in proportion with the height, the taller the dog the more prized. There are two types of coat: rough, and smooth, but both are very dense and come in white with markings in tan, red, mahogany, brindle, and black - in various combinations. The face and ears are usually shaded with black and the expression is intelligent and gentle. In the rough-coated dogs, the hair is slightly longer and there is feathering on the thighs and legs. The feet are large with strong well-arched toes, making the Saint Bernard's sure-footed in the snow and ice. They have a highly developed sense of smell and also seem to have a sixth sense about impending danger from storms and avalanches.

Height: 25.5-27.5 inches ( 61-70 cm.)Weight: 110-200 pounds (50-91 kg)

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The Beagle

The Beagle is a gentle, sweet, lively and curious dog that just loves everyone! A happy little tail-wagger! Sociable, brave and intelligent. Calm and loving. Excellent with children and generally good with other dogs, but should not be trusted with non-canine pets, unless they are socialized with cats and other household animals when they are young. Beagles have minds of their own. They are determined and watchful and require patient, firm training. This breed doesn't like being left alone. Consider buying two if you will be gone a lot. A Beagle has a loud baying cry that was a delight to hunting horsemen, but can be disturbing to family and neighbors. Beagles have a tendency to follow their own noses. They may take off on their own exploration if let off their leash in an unfenced area. Be careful when selecting your Beagle. The breed is being over bred and in some lines, the dogs temperament is suffering because of it.

A hardy, sturdy squarely-built, small hound. The Beagle has a sleek, easy-care, short coat, which can come in any hound color, for example, tri-color, black and tan, red and white, orange and white, or lemon and white. The coat is close, hard and of medium length. The beagle looks like a small English Foxhound. The skull is broad and slightly rounded, and the muzzle is straight and square. The feet are round and strong. The black nose has full nostrils for scenting. The long, wide ears are pendant. The brown or hazel eyes have a characteristic pleading expression. The tail is carried gaily, but never curled over the back. Beagles have a distinct howl / bay of a bark when they are on the hunt.

Height: Dogs 14-16 inches (36-41cm) Bitches 13-15 inches (33-38cm)There are two height classes, 13-15 inches (33-38cm) and under 13 inches (33cm).Weight: Dogs 22-25 pounds (10-11kg) Bitches 20-23 pounds (9-10kg)

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The Basset Hound

The Basset Hound is sweet, gentle, devoted, peaceful and naturally well-behaved. They fit into family life well. Their temperament should always be friendly with never an indication of sharpness or viciousness. They are mild but not timid; very affectionate with its master and friendly with children. It is incapable of biting, but it may be a bit stubborn. They like to do tricks for food. It has a deep musical bark. Housebreaking is difficult, but they do well with gentle patient training and positive reinforcement. With proper training, they are obedient, but when they pick up an interesting smell, it's sometimes hard to get their attention.

The head is large, with a rounded skull and pronounced occiput. The plane of the muzzle is parallel to the top of the skull. The skin is loose-fitted and falls in folds on the head. The velvety ears are very long and should meet beyond the top of the nose. They should fold and not appear flat. The large teeth should meet in a scissors or level bite. The lips hang down with loose flews. The sad brown eyes should show prominent haw. The expression should be kindly without any harshness. The Basset has a very pronounced dewlap. His chest is very deep and extends in the front of the forelegs. The paws are big and the hindquarters are round. Dewclaws may be removed. The dog's movement should be deliberate, but not clumsy. The coat is short, hard and shiny. There are no rules concerning color, but it is usually white with chestnut or sand-colored markings.

Height: Dogs 12-15 inches (30-38cm) Bitches 11-14 inches (28-36cm)Weight: Dogs 50-65 pounds (23-29kg) Bitches 45-60 pounds (20-27kg)

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The Basenji

Basenji are small, unusual, elegant, athletic dogs about the size of a fox terrier, with a smooth shiny coat of copper, red, black and tan, black and brindle. Usually with white feet and white on the chest and tip of the tail. Individuals may also sport a white facial blaze, white legs and/or a white collar. The back is level; the legs are long, and the forehead is furrowed with wrinkles, giving it a worried look. The ears are straight and open in the front and its tail is set high and curls up over and slightly to either side of the back. Its eyes are small and almond shaped. Its thighs are muscular, and it has a flat skull. The breed has a distinctive, horse-like running gait. The Basenji does not bark, but does have a lot of other unusual vocalizations. He may yodel, howl, growl or crow, depending on his mood. Unlike most other domestic breeds, which have two heats per year, the female Basenji comes into heat only once a year.

The Basenji is alert, affectionate, demanding, energetic and curious. It loves to play and makes a good pet, as long as it is handled regularly from an early age. It is very intelligent, responds well to training with a strong desire to please. They can be reserved with strangers. The Basenji is somewhat aloof, but can also form strong bonds with people. It should not be trusted with non-canine pets. They are usually patient, but do best with older considerate children. The Basenji dislike wet weather. They like to chew, so giving them lots of toys of their own would be a good idea. The breed likes to climb and can easily get over chain wire fences. Basenji are very clever at getting their own way, they succeed less by obstinacy than by charm. It has the unique properties of not barking (it makes a low, liquid ululation instead) and of cleaning itself like a cat. It can be described as speedy, frisky, tireless at play and teasing the owner into play. Their strong desire to play can lead to behavior problems if left alone. Most Basenji problems usually involve a mismatch between owner and pet. The owners mistake the adjective "quiet' to mean inactive instead of noiseless; thus, they become harassed by an active, though relatively silent , dog.

Height: Dogs 16-17 inches (41-43 cm.) Bitches 15-16 inches (38-41 cm.)Weight: Dogs 22-26 pounds (10-12 kg.) Bitches 20-25 pounds (9-11 kg.)

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The Labrador Retriever

There are two types of Labradors, the English Labrador and the American Labrador. The English bred lab comes from English bred stock. Their general appearance is different. The English bred labs are heavier, thicker and blockier. The American bred Lab comes from American bred stock and is tall and lanky. The Labrador Retriever is a solid, muscular dog, slightly longer than tall, with a short, hard, easy-care, water-resistant double coat that does not have any waves and comes in solid black, yellow, or chocolate. There is also said to be a rare silver or gray color that is referred to by the AKC as a shade of chocolate. This color is controversial and some claim it is a Weimaraner cross, while others say it is a true mutation. The Labrador has a broad head, thick nose, scissors bite and a pronounced stop. Its muzzle is fairly wide and its neck is powerful. The eyes are chestnut or hazel with an intelligent expression. The medium-sized ears are pendant. The otter tail is strong, thick near the body then tapering, and completely covered with hair. Its limbs have good bone structure. The webbed feet aid in swimming.

The Labrador Retriever is a loving, affectionate, lovable, patient dog. Highly intelligent, loyal, willing, and high-spirited. Lively and good-natured, they love to play, especially in water - for they love to swim. They have an excellent, reliable, temperament and are friendly, superb with children and equable with other dogs. They crave human attention and need to feel as though they are part of the family. Labs are easily trained. Some may be reserved with strangers unless very well socialized as puppies. These dogs are watchdogs, not guard dogs, although some have been known to guard. They can become destructive if left too much to their own devices. Train Labradors early not to pull on the leash, as they have very strong necks. Show lines are generally heavier and easier going than field lines. Field lines tend to be very energetic and high strung. Often the best pets are from combination show/field stock. This breed is very popular. If you are planning to show, buy only from a reputable breeder. Labs are a bit more dominant and independent than the Golden Retriever. Some of their talents include: hunting, tracking, retrieving, watch dogging, police work, narcotics detection, guide for the blind, service dog for the disabled, search and rescue, sledding, carting, agility, and competitive obedience. Labs bred from English lines (English Labs) are more calm and laid back than Labradors bred from American lines. English Labs mature quicker than the American type.

Height: Dogs 22-24 inches (56-61cm.) Bitches 21-23 inches (53-58cm.)Weight: Dogs 60-75 pounds (27-34kg.) Bitches 55-70 pounds (25-32kg.) Some males can grow to 100 pounds (45kg) or more.

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The German Shepherd

The German Shepherd is also known as the Alsatian. It is handsome, well proportioned and very strong. The coat most often comes in black with tan, sable or all black, but also can come in blue, liver and white, but those colors are considered a fault according to most standards. White is not an acceptable color for the German Shepherd, however they are now being recognized as a separate breed, called the American White Shepherd. The nose is black most often black but, blue or liver still do sometimes occur, but is considered a fault can not be shown. It has a sturdy, muscular, slightly elongated body with a light but solid bone structure. Its head should be in proportion to its body, and the forehead a little convex. It has a strong scissors bite, ears wide at the base, pointed, upright, and turned forward (the ears of puppies under six months may droop slightly). The eyes are almond-shaped, never protruding, dark, with a lively, intelligent expression. Its bushy tail reaches almost to its hocks and hangs down when the dog is at rest. Its front legs and shoulders are muscular; its thighs thick and sturdy. It has round feet with very hard soles. There are three varieties of the German Shepherd: rough-coated, long rough-coated, and the long-haired.

Often used as working dogs, German Shepherds are direct and fearless, eager and alert. Bold, cheerful, obedient and eager to learn. Known for their tremendous loyalty and courage. Calmly confident, but not hostile. Serious and almost human in his intelligence. They have a high learning ability. German Shepherds love to be close to their families, but they are very wary of strangers. This breed needs his people and should not be left isolated for long periods of time. They only bark when they feel it is necessary. German Shepherds have a very strong protective instinct, so they should be extensively socialized to prevent over-guarding when they are an adult. Aggression and attacks on people are largely due to poor breeding, handling and training. A well bred, well-adjusted, and trained dog is for the most part generally good with other pets and excellent with children in the family. They must be firmly trained in obedience from an early age. It is extremely important to purchase your German Shepherd from a reputable breeder. Some are timid and skittish and may be prone to fear biting. Research a puppy's lineage carefully. To be successful pets, these dogs should be trained and socialized from an early age with a firm and loving hand. Coercive or angry training does not succeed well with these dogs. To be truly happy, the German Shepherd needs a task in life.

The breed is so intelligent and learns so readily that it has been used as a sheepdog, guard dog, in police work, as a guide for the blind, in search and rescue service, and in the military. The German Shepherd also excels in many other dog activities including schutzhund, tracking, obedience, agility, flyball, and ring sport. His fine nose can sniff out drugs and intruders, and can alert handlers to the presence of underground mines in time to avoid detonation, or gas leaks in a pipes buried 15 feet underground. The German Shepherd is also a popular show and family companion.

Height: Dogs 24-26 inches (60-65cm.) Bitches 22-24 inches (55-60cm.)Weight: 77-85 pounds (35-40kg.)

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The Jack Russell Terrier

The Jack Russell Terrier is a perky, merry, devoted, and loving dog. Spirited and obedient, yet absolutely fearless. Careful and amusing, he enjoys games and playing with toys. Friendly and generally kind to children who have been taught not to tease or strike the dog. They are intelligent, yet willful and determined. They can be slightly difficult to train and need a firm, experienced trainer. The Jack Russell can be aggressive with other dogs if not well trained and socialized. Some have killed or been killed in dog fights. Early socialization can help substantially moderate this trait. They have strong hunting instincts (stronger than your average terrier) and should not be trusted with other small animals. They like to chase and explore. Be careful not to let them off the lead unless they are very well-trained. Jack Russells like to bark and dig. They tend to get restless and destructive if not kept fruitfully occupied and well exercised. Jack Russells climb, which means they can climb over a fence, they also jump. A Jack that stands 12 inches high can easily jump five feet. JRTs are not the breed for a inexperienced dog owner.

This is a BIG dog in a little dogs body. The owner needs to be as strong-willed as they are, or this little guy will take over. With the right owner this little dog can really excel, but is not recommended for those who have not had prior experience with terriers. The Jack Russell Terrier must present a lively, active and alert appearance. It should impress with its fearless and happy disposition. It should be remembered that the Jack Russell is a working terrier and should retain these instincts. Nervousness, cowardice or over-aggressiveness should be discouraged and it should always appear confident.

Height: 10-15 inches (25-38 cm)Weight: 14-18 pounds (6-8 kg)

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The Dachshund

There are three varieties of Dachshund: the short-haired, the wired-haired, and the long-haired. With each of these varieties there are three sizes. (See Height and Weight.) The Dachshund is an elongated, vigorous, muscular dog with short legs. It carries itself proudly and has an intelligent expression. It has an elongated head and a slight convex skull, arched and protruding eyebrows, a long muzzle, robust jaws with non-pendent lips, and a pincers or scissors bite with extremely strong canine teeth (Dachshunds usually have 42 teeth). Its eyes are oval, dark red or brown-black with an energetic and friendly expression. Its ears are mobile and hanging long on its cheeks. Its body should have a strong protruding sternum and a moderately retracted abdomen. Its tail is carried in line with its back. The short-haired Dachshund's coat should be shiny, sleek and uniform. Solid-colored Dachshunds may be tan or yellow. Bi-color Dachshunds may be deep black, brown, or gray with areas of bright chestnut. There are also piebald, speckle-streaked, or harlequin varieties.

Lively and affectionate; proud and bold, almost rash. Tenacious. Can be willful and clownish. Curious and mischievous, they are very clever and may attempt to train the owner rather than allow the opposite. Devoted to his family, some fanciers feel the long-haired variety is calmer than the other two types. The wire-haired variety is more outgoing and clown-like. All are slightly difficult to train. Dachshunds are good dogs to travel with. They are best with older, considerate children and are moderately protective. These little dogs like to bark (their barks are surprisingly loud for their size) and are compulsive diggers. They are generally okay with other pets, however, they can be jealous, irritable, obstinate and very quick to bite. Sometimes they will refuse to be handled. They should not be over fed, for this breed tends to gain weight quickly.

Normal (standard): Height 14-18 inches (35-45cm.); Weight- 20 pounds (9kg.)Miniature (dwarf): Height up to 14 inches (35cm.); Weight 9 pounds (4kg.)Toy: Height Up to 12 inches (30cm.); Weight 8 pounds (3.5kg.)Note: The Toy Dachshund is not a recognized size variation, however there are some breeders breeding Dachshunds smaller than a Mini Dachshund and they are calling these dogs "Toys".

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The Great Dane

The Great Dane is a giant dog that combines nobility with robustness and power with elegance. It has a long narrow head with an accentuated frontal stop and a rather large nasal canal. Its neck is long and muscular and its front legs are perfectly straight. It has muscular thighs and round feet with short, dark nails. The Great Dane's tail is medium-length, reaching to the point of the hock. Its eyes are round and usually dark - with a lively intelligent expression. Its ears are either cropped rather long, pointed, and carried erect, or left natural. Its well developed white teeth must close in a scissors bite. All Danes have short, thick, shiny, close-fitting hair. The color of the coat indicates the variety. fawn, brindle, black, blue, mantle harlequin and sometimes Merle. However Merle is a common result of harlequin breeding, but it is not a recognized color. Black coats and dark eyes, while blue Danes may have lighter eyes.

The Great Dane is a gentle giant. Dignified, kind, sweet and affectionate, it is playful and patient with children. It loves everyone and needs to be around people. The Great Dane does not bark much and only becomes aggressive when the circumstances require it. A steady dog, responsible and dependable. Brave and loyal, it is a good watchdog. Because of his giant size, the Great Dane should be thoroughly obedience trained when young so it will be manageable when fully grown. Teach this giant dog not to lean against people, especially children. Some individuals are dog-aggressive, especially with same sex dogs. It is good with other dogs if it is raised with them from puppyhood. This breed may be slightly difficult to train.

Height: Dogs 30-34 inches (76-86 cm.) Bitches 28-32 inches (71-81 cm.) Weight: Dogs 120-200 pounds (54-90 kg.) Bitches 100-130 pounds (45-59 kg.)Dogs of even larger size are more prized.

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The Weimaraner

The breed is several centuries old. A Weimaraner appeared in a Van Dyck painting of the early 1600's. There are various theories as to its origin. Some feel it is the result of albinism that overtook some ancient German pointing dogs. Others feel it is descended from the German hound, the Braken. And still others feel it is the fruit of crossings overseen by Grand Duke Karl August of Weimar between a regular pointer and a certain yellow pointer.

The Weimaraner is a pointer and an all-around personal hunting dog. He was originally used to hunt, track and bring down big game. As big game became scarce, he was adapted to smaller game and upland birds. He also has a reputation as a fine water retriever, though he may need to be taught to swim. Weimaraners have been used as rescue dogs, service dogs for the disabled, and as police dogs in England and Germany.

The breed was first imported to the United States in 1929 by Howard Knight who founded the U.S. breed club. Sesame Street often plays skits with this breed dressed up in human clothes. Some of its talents include: hunting, tracking, retrieving, pointing, watchdogging, guarding, police work, search & rescue, and agility.

Happy, loving cheerful, affectionate and very rambunctious. Intelligent, but can be highly opinionated and willful, therefore this breed should have firm, experienced training from the start. Quick to learn, but resistant to repetitive training. Reserved with strangers and sometimes combative with other dogs. Socialize them well at an early age. Protective on his own territory. Very brave and loyal, it has a strong prey instinct. The Weimaraner needs to live indoors as a member of the family. He needs attention and companionship. If relegated to a kennel life or if left alone too much, he can become very destructive and restless. He is a natural protector.

Weimaraners are often kind to children, but are not recommended for very young ones because they are energetic enough to accidentally knock a child down. Because this breed is so full of energy, the first thing they need to learn is sit, then praise only when sitting. This will prevent jumping in the future. This breed especially should not be hit to discipline, they become wary easily. Once they have a fear of someone/something, they look to avoid and training is all but impossible. They are so eager to please, and motivated by reward (food or praise) Once a trick is learned, the dog will leap to repeat for praise. This breed likes to bark. Very hardy, with a good sense of smell, and a passionate worker, the Weimaraner can be used for all kinds of hunting.

Height: Dogs 24-27 inches (61-69cm) Bitches 22-25 inches (56-63cm)Weight: Dogs 55-70 pounds (25-32kg) Bitches 50-65 pounds (23-29kg)

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The Yorkshire Terrier

The breed is only 100 years old or so, but its origins are not entirely certain - probably because the working men of north England, who developed the Yorkshire Terrier for catching the terrible rats that infested the mine shafts and as a hunting dog that could penetrate into badger and fox burrows, avoided divulging the secret of their success to those who might have cashed in on a lucrative side line. However, it seems likely that Scotsmen seeking work in the woolen mills of Yorkshire brought with them various types of terrier, including the Skye and the now extinct Clydesdale. These were then crossed with local types, such as the long- haired Leeds Terrier. The Maltese, Black & Tan Manchester, and Dandie Dinmont Terriers may also have contributed blood lines. At first, the Yorkie was a much bigger animal than the one we see today, but by selectively breeding the smallest individuals, the dog was gradually miniaturized over the years. They were made into a fashion dog. Women carried these little dogs in their bags and under their arms. The first Yorkshire, with the characteristics demanded by its standard today, appeared in a dog show in 1870.

In 1984 a piebald Yorkie was born as a result of a genetic recessive gene occurrence from 2 Yorkshire Terriers. Today the piebald dogs are considered a different breed; which is named the Biewer or Biewer Yorkie.

The Yorkshire Terrier seems oblivious of its small size. It is ever eager for adventure and trouble. This little dog is highly energetic, brave, loyal and clever. Affectionate with its master, but sometimes suspicious of strangers. It can be aggressive to strange dogs and small animals. In other words, it has true Terrier heritage. They do best with older, considerate children. Yorkies are easy to train, although they can sometimes be stubborn. The breed is demanding and dependant and needs a lot of human attention. The Yorkie is an excellent watchdog, defending its territory in no uncertain manner. They can get snappish if surprised, frightened or over-teased, but are usually very sweet and loving. They can be difficult to housebreak. These little dogs should not be over-protected, for they may become neurotic. The Yorkie likes to bark, but it can easily be taught not to do so.

Height: 6-7 inches (15-17½cm.)Weight: 7 pounds (3.2kg.)

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The Chihuahua

This is the oldest breed on the American continent and the smallest breed in the world. Native to Mexico, nonetheless it seems to have been introduced by the Chinese. It was only brought to Europe at the end of the nineteenth century. The Chihuahua is named after the Mexican state of Chihuahua where he was brought to the rest of the world by travelers. This breed is believed to have been sacred to the Pre-Columbian Indian nations. The most valued dogs weigh under 2-1/4 pounds (1.3 kg.). Some can even stand on all fours in a person's palm! There is a long-haired variety that is judged separately, but is essentially the same except for the coat. The Chihuahua is a popular, economical companion dog.

Courageous, extremely lively, proud and enterprising, it gives and demands affection. Bold and saucy, it moves swiftly to avoid being stepped on. Chihuahua's are strong-willed, intensely loyal and become very attached to their owners, even to the point of jealousy. They like to lick their owner's faces. It is undeniably suspicious of people except for its owner. When strangers are present, it follows its owner's every move, keeping as close as possible. For some, they may be slightly difficult to train, but they are intelligent, learn quickly, and respond well to proper, gentle (positive reinforcement) training. This breed may snap at teasing children, after all it is too tiny to get away. The Chihuahua must resort to his sharp teeth in self defense. It is not recommended for children. She can be noisy and may require patience to housebreak. Many owners simply paper train this breed. Be sure to socialize your Chihuahua as a pup to avoid excessive aggressiveness with other dogs as well as reserve with strangers. They tend to be fairly dog-aggressive. Chihuahuas generally recognize their own breed, but sometimes disapprove of other breeds. However, a "very" well-socialized Chihuahua can be friendly with strangers and other dogs.

Height: 6-9 inches (15-23 cm.) Weight: 2-6 pounds (1-3 kg.)

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Today's dog breed description is of Joe and Darren's other dog Ginger. I couldn't help laughing when I read this because it is so right on. This is basically Ginger to a "T" (for Terrier, of course)!

The Manchester Terrier

"The AKC Standard says, "The Manchester Terrier presents a sleek, sturdy, yet elegant look... with a keen, bright, alert expression." The lively Manchester, keenly observant and discerning, is more devoted to her owner, more responsive, and better mannered than some other terriers.

Athletic and agile, she is best suited to active families, as she enjoys brisk walking every day and all-out running whenever she can get it. However, she must be kept on-leash or in a securely fenced area at all times, for she is very curious, has strong hunting instincts, and will chase anything. Manchester Terriers love to play -- with you, with another dog, or by themselves (with or without a toy!).

With her acute senses and wariness of strangers, the Manchester Terrier makes an excellent watchdog, but early socialization is imperative so that she does not become sharp or timid. Manchesters are not given to fiery posturing with other dogs and are generally accepting, but they will stand their ground and fight when challenged or when they feel their space has been invaded. Two adults of the same sex should not be kept together. Smaller creatures, including low-flying birds, will be pursued with determination.

The Manchester Terrier is smart and trainable if you are a confident, consistent leader who can smile at her antics, yet not allow her to outwit you. She is exceedingly sensitive to physical corrections, so use a light hand on the leash and rely more on praise and food rewards. (Food in moderation, please: she tends to pack on pounds quickly.)

Manchesters are comfort-loving dogs who seek out soft beds and often tunnel under the covers. They can be possessive of their food and toys and some like to bark." The Manchester Terrier was developed in Manchester, England, to hunt vermin. She especially excelled in rat-killing contests, a fashionable gambling activity in British pubs.

There are two sizes: Standard and Toy. Size Standard: 15-17 inches and 12-22 lbs. Toy: 8-13 inches and 8-12 lbs.

Its the Evolutionary Story for the Day

Thanks to information provided by Joe and Darren on their Doberman, Frank, I decided to do a new column that discusses our dogs breeds. Where did they come from? How long have they been around? What are their traits? Real or man made? Our first post is regarding....

The Doberman

The Doberman Pinscher is a product of man - not of nature. To better understand that statement, a comparison between the Rottweiler and Doberman Pinscher can be used. The Rottweiler dates back to the days of the Roman era and in fact, was used as a war dog during the Roman conquests. The Doberman Pinscher was not even in existence at that time...And even in the near yesteryear of the Civil War, when Union and Confederate armies were battling for control of Richmond, Virginia, there were no Doberman Pinschers in existence.

On April 9, 1865, General Robert E. Lee sat down at a table and signed the surrender of his Confederate troops to General U.S. Grant at Appamadox. At that time in history, half way around the globe on the other side of the planet, in a little town called Apolda, Germany, the local dog-catcher had an idea.

He conceived in his mind, a giant terrier. At that time, the speed, agility and scrappiness of terriers were well known..But a giant terrier was something else.

The man was Louis Dobermann, who dreamed of a dog with a terriers speed and agility, combined with the strength and courage of some of the Thueringian shepherd dogs of that time. The sheepherding dogs were well-known for their bravery and intelligence. Herr Dobermann wanted to capture that bravery, intelligence and courage, and combine it with the speed, agility and determination of a scrappy terrier.

The intellect and bravery of those sheepherding dogs of Thuringia must have been something to behold, for they also served as the inspirational force to create what we know today as the German Shephard Dog. But Louis Dobermann was the first to conceive the idea of harnessing that intellect. By the time the German Shepard came into being, in 1889, the Doberman Pinscher was already in existence.

Louis Dobermann began experimental breeding between 1865 and 1870. Because he was the local dog-catcher, he had virtual access to every conceivable German breed in existence at that time. The foundation of his breeding plan included the Rottweiler, the German Pinscher, and some of the famed Thuringian shepherds mention above.

Some of Herr Dobermanns first dogs were born without tails and into the strain, the tailless feature disappeared. Then came the introduction of Greyhound blood into the breed, and Herr Dobermann had what he wanted. But he got more than he bargained for. At least one of the Greyhounds he used was a black female described as "very ferocious".

When the experimental breeding ended, Louis Dobermann was left with four dogs; Rambo, Lux, Landgraf, and Schnupp. They had not yet earned the name Doberman Pinscher but were referred to simply as "Dobermanns dogs". Schnupp was bred, and gave birth to a litter. Schnupp and her litter were described by noted historian Horowitz as being "deplorable to look at and very ferocious". Schnupp was later to be given the number one registration when the Doberman Pinscher Club of Germany was formed in 1912, although Schnupp didn't resemble very much of the Dobermans of today.

The first Doberman Pinscher to be crowned Champion was described by judge Philip Grunenig as having a coarse heavy body, very long hair and a light eye. By this time, other breeders were trying to inject their ideas and concepts into what the breed should look like. But it was Otto Goeller - from the same town of Apolda - who, more than any other breeder, was responsible for the appearance of the Doberman Pinscher as we know it today. He founded the von Thuringen Kennels in 1901 and was the individual who was responsible for adding the name "Pinscher" to the breed.

The words DOBERMAN PINSCHER were not yet a part of the English vocabulary as late as 1903. But alas, the reputation of the breed as being mean, ferocious, and something to be feared, had already been established in Germany. That reputation was destined to accompany the breed wherever it went, even into an era in which men walk the moon.

It can be seen then that the reputation of the Doberman was established in the 1890's. The character of the early Dobermans can be understood by comments made at the time, "they are certainly robust, have absolutely no fear - not of the devil himself". And so, the reputation of the breed had been well established before the breed was introduced into the United States following World War I.

Since that time, however, fanciers of the breed in the United States subdued and channeled the ferocity of the Doberman Pinscher. They didn't water it down, but rather, by careful and selective breeding and training, brought out and capitalized on the intelligence factor. The ferocity was subdued -- but by no means destroyed.

This was accomplished - in large part - by strict breed standards. In describing temperament requirements, the standards, as prescribed by the AKC, are more specific for the Doberman Pinscher than perhaps any other breed. Those standards call for dismissal of any Doberman Pinscher that is either shy or vicious. By adhering to this standard, professional breeders of the Doberman Pinscher have been able to produce a dog that is highly intelligent, mentally stable, of unswerving loyalty, yet with the ability to protect and defend home and hearth.

"But don't they turn on their owners?" some will ask. HOGWASH! A Pekinese will turn on its owner if it has no respect for that owner. So will a Poodle...and so will a child! The Doberman Pinscher was established as the official war dog of the U.S. Marine Corps. Certainly dogs that would "turn on their owners" would never be allowed to attain such stature.

Although the character and temperament of today's Doberman Pinschers doesn't match the early Dobermans, the reputation does. It is a reputation that will undoubtedly remain as long as Dobermans exist. No matter how docile a Doberman Pinscher may be, the Doberman simply looks ferocious; and that appearance will always cause him to be a dog of which to be fearful. "When Hollywood needs a villain dog, the Doberman Pinscher gets the call".

Today's Doberman is a gentle, affectionate and loyal pet. But because of his uncanny intelligence, working ability and strength, a Doberman Pinscher needs proper discipline, an abundance of love, and - equally important, training! Theres an awful lot of energy as well as intellect packed into the Doberman Pinscher and it needs to be channeled in the proper direction. Fanciers of the breed and those that truly know the Doberman Pinscher do not see ferocity and fire in his eyes. They see loyalty, devotion and Intelligence,which has no peer. The utilitarian ability of the breed is historical fact, for they have been used in every capacity in which dogs are known to excel. The Doberman Pinscher has been used to lead the blind, as well as the pursuit and attack of fleeing criminals. He has been successful in search and rescue tracking as well as narcotics detection. He has excelled in his ability to work alone as a sentry dog. His instinct to protect and defend is unequaled. As more and more people come to realize the advantages of owning a Doberman Pinscher, his popularity increases.

The Doberman Pinscher is considered a "middle-sized" dog with a sleek coat which requires very little grooming. Measured from ground to shoulder, the ideal height is 27" for males, and from 24-26" for females. They are compactly built, muscular and extremely powerful. The have great speed and endurance. Though the coat of the Doberman Pinscher is short and smooth, they are considered a dog for any climate. They adjust well to both extremes of temperature. A Doberman fancier will have a choice of four colors to select from. The Doberman Pinscher will be seen sporting a coat of black, brown (red-rust), blue or fawn. The most popular color currently seems to be the red Doberman, followed by black, then blue.

As alert, intelligent, and loyal as they are, the Doberman Pinscher isn't a dog that fits in with just any family. If the owner of a Doberman Pinscher is permissive and lacks the ability to discipline properly, the dog will be quick to sense this. Since it is instinctive for a dog to assume leadership where there is otherwise no leadership, a permissive owner could be in for a lot of trouble. A Doberman Pinscher who has no respect for its owner, does not make a good pet. Some people think its cute to see a little Poodle ignore its owners wishes. Its not cute to see a Doberman Pinscher with such a disrespectful attitude. The Dobermans mind is active, and needs to be led. He needs to be taught obedience and respect. He needs it -- and he wants it! In return for the proper education, the Doberman Pinscher will repay his owner with loyalty, courage, decisiveness, obedience, and respect.

Truly one of the most remarkable breeds of this century, Louis Dobermann knew exactly what he wanted 100 years ago: a giant terrier, with all the speed and agility of the little terriers - but with the strength, endurance, intellect, and courage of the herding dogs. The name Pinscher means Terrier, and so it is obvious to those of us who know and love the breed, that Herr Dobermann was a success. His dream came true.

Although todays Doberman Pinscher must live with the tainted reputation of the "Dobermann dogs" of Apolda, the Doberman Pinscher Club of America, together with the breeds fanciers, is continually trying to educate the public. "Its not an easy task, when the media insists on portraying the Dobie as a villain."

THE DOBERMAN PINSCHER, A MAN MADE BREED.